Many people think that hemorrhoids are a condition that only affect older people, or pregnant women. In fact, more than half of all Indians over age 30 will develop hemorrhoids at some time in their lives..

What is a hemorrhoid?
A hemorrhoid is actually a form of varicose vein. The veins in and around the rectum and anus become swollen. The two forms of hemorrhoids are internal and external.

Internal. This form of hemorrhoid is located beneath the lining in the anus. Internal hemorrhoids may or may not cause pain, but are likely to bleed and protrude from the anus during bowel movements. An internal hemorrhoid may prolapse, or extend outside the anus and be quite painful.

External. This form of hemorrhoid is located near the anus and feels like a hard lump. They are covered by skin, are very sensitive to touch, and bleed only when ruptured.

What are the symptoms?
Symptoms of hemorrhoids include:

• Anal itching
• Bleeding during bowel movements (often bright red on the paper or outside of the stool)
• Pain
• Protrusion during bowel movements
• Sensitive lumps around the anus  

What causes hemorrhoids?
A variety of reasons may contribute to the development of hemorrhoids. Some of these include:

• Age
• Chronic constipation
• Chronic diarrhea
• Pregnancy
• Straining during bowel movements
• Overuse of laxatives

How are hemorrhoids diagnosed?
Because the symptoms of hemorrhoids are similar to those of fissures, fistulae, or abscesses, it is important to be seen by a physician and be diagnosed. However, many people suffer from their hemorrhoids and treat them with over the counter medications without ever talking to their doctor. Rectal bleeding should always be checked out by a Qualified Surgeon, even if it is suspected to be from a hemorrhoid. The surgeon may need to take a closer look at the area with an anoscope. An anoscope is a small tube with a light that when inserted into the rectum can help the physician see any internal hemorrhoids

What is the treatment?
Newer Modalities Include:

• Cryosurgery 
• Infrared Coagulation
• Doppler Guided Ultasonic Hemorrhoidal Artery Ligation
• Radiofrequency Ablation and Ultrasonic Cut and Seal

All these do not need cutting any tissue and are good for all grades of Hemorrhoids